未来有些事你在当下决定;另一些你只是相信它们会发生。这两种情况,英语都用 will。I think it will rain(预测)、The phone's ringing — I'll get it(此刻做出的决定)、I'll help you(主动提议)。一个小词就涵盖了这一切,而且形式对 he、she 或 it 从不改变。
它的结构是 will + 动词原形——传统上称为 future simple(一般将来时)——而且对每个主语都一样,这是简单的部分。
简单来说:will + 动词原形,适用于所有人——I'll go、she'll go、they'll go。没有 -s,没有多余的词。在日常口语中通常缩略为 'll。
什么时候用 will?
几项日常用途。
1. 预测和看法——关于未来,常用在 I think、I'm sure、maybe 或 probably 之后:
- I think she'll like it.
- Maybe it will be sunny tomorrow.
- You'll enjoy the film, I'm sure.
2. 说话当下做出的决定——你边说边决定,而不是事先:
- "It's cold in here." — "I'll close the window."
- I'm tired. I think I'll go to bed.
3. 提议和承诺:
- That bag looks heavy — I'll carry it for you.(提议)
- Don't worry, I won't tell anyone.(承诺)
形式:will + 动词原形
形式对每个主语都相同——will 不变,he / she / it 后面也没有 -s。
| 主语 | 形式 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | will + 动词原形 | They will help. |
| he / she / it | will + 动词原形 | She will call you. |
日常英语中我们用缩略形式 'll:I'll, you'll, he'll, she'll, it'll, we'll, they'll。
- I'll be there at six.
- They'll love this.
will 后面的动词保持原形:✅ She'll come,绝不是 ❌ She'll comes,也绝不是 ❌ She'll to come。
中文没有动词的时态变化,用 会、要 或时间词来表示将来(我明天打电话)。英语里 will 是必须出现的固定助动词,而且不随人称变化:I'll call you。
否定句
否定形式是 will not。在口语和非正式书面语中通常缩略为 won't:
- I won't be late.
- He won't agree.
- It won't work.
缩略形式是 ✅ won't,绝不是 ❌ willn't。
提问
提问时,把 will 放在主语前面:
- Will you come tomorrow?
- Will it rain later?
- What time will you arrive?
对一般疑问句(是非问句)做简短回答时,重复 will 或 won't:
- "Will you come?" — "Yes, I will." / "No, I won't."
Will 还是 be going to?
两者都谈论未来,但感觉不同。Will 适合基于看法的预测和说话时当场做的决定,而 be going to 适合你已经定下的计划或你能看出端倪的预测。这是有用的参考,不是严格的规则。
- I think it will rain.(看法)— Look at those clouds — it's going to rain.(可见的迹象)
- "We need milk." — "OK, I'll buy some."(此刻决定)— I'm going to buy milk after work.(已经计划好)
关于未来「计划」的一面,见 Be going to。
常见错误
- ❌ She will to call. → ✅ She will call.(will 后面不加 to)
- ❌ He will comes. → ✅ He will come.(will 后面用动词原形)
- ❌ I willn't go. → ✅ I won't go.
- ❌ Will you to help? → ✅ Will you help?
- ❌ I will go probably. → ✅ I'll probably go.(在陈述句中,probably 通常放在 will / 'll 之后)
小测验
在这个小测验里,用 will('ll)或 won't 加括号里的动词:
- Don't worry, I ____ (not / forget) your birthday.
- I think they ____ (win) the game.
- "I'm thirsty." "I ____ (get) you some water."
- ____ you ____ (come) to my party?(疑问句)
显示答案
- won't forget 2. will win(they'll win) 3. 'll get 4. Will … come
要点回顾
- 用 will + 动词原形 表示预测和看法(I think it'll rain)、当场的决定(I'll get it)、提议和承诺。
- 形式对每个主语都一样;口语中缩略为 'll。动词保持原形:✅ will go,绝不是 ❌ will goes / will to go。
- 否定形式是 won't(I won't be late);疑问句把 will 放在最前面(Will you…?)。
- 对已经定下的计划和有可见迹象的预测,be going to 往往更合适。