Be going to（计划与预测）

当你已经决定要做某事，或者看得出某事即将发生时，英语常用 be going to + 动词。I'm going to call her tonight（你已有的计划）。Look at those clouds — it's going to rain（你看得出的预测）。这是谈论将来最自然的方式之一，而且模式每次都一样。

结构是 am / is / are + going to + 动词原形。随主语变化的只有 am、is 或 are——going to 和主要动词完全不变。

一句话记住：根据主语选 am / is / are（就像 be 的现在式），加上 going to，再接动词的原形——I'm going to stay、she's going to win。

我们什么时候用 be going to？

它有两个主要用途。

1. 此刻之前就已决定的计划和打算：

• I'm going to study tonight.
• We're going to visit my grandparents on Sunday.
• She's going to start a new job next month.

2. 根据当前迹象做出的预测——你看到、听到、感觉到或已经知道、并指向将来的事：

• Look at those clouds — it's going to rain.
• Be careful! You're going to drop those plates.
• She has practised every day. She's going to win.

两种情况下，当前的情形都指向将来：计划已经存在，或者迹象此刻就在那里。

形式：am / is / are going to

根据主语选 am、is 或 are——就像 be 的现在式——再加上 going to 和动词原形。

在日常英语里，我们几乎总是用缩写形式：I'm、you're、he's / she's / it's、we're、they're。

• I'm going to be late.
• She's going to love this.
• We're going to move to a new home.

注意：going to 后面的动词永远不变——总是用原形：✅ She's going to buy a car，绝不是 ❌ She's going to buys a car，也绝不是 ❌ She's going to bought a car。

本文讲的是 going to + 动词（I'm going to call her）。这跟 I'm going to school 不同，那里 to school 是一个地点——那时 going 只是动词 go，不是将来的结构。

中文用「要」「打算」「会」等表达将来的打算（我今晚要给她打电话），动词不变化，也没有像英语 be（am/is/are）这样的助动词。所以在英语里很容易漏掉它：❌ I going to call her，而应说 ✅ I'm going to call her。

构成否定

要构成否定，把 not 放在 am / is / are 之后。口语中你会听到两种常见说法：I'm not、isn't、aren't——或缩写 's not / 're not。

• I'm not going to wait.
• He isn't going to come. / He's not going to come.（is not）
• They aren't going to agree. / They're not going to agree.（are not）
• It's not going to work.

提问

要提问，把 am / is / are 放在主语前面：

• Are you going to come?
• Is she going to call?
• What are you going to do tomorrow?
• Where are they going to stay?

简短回答时，重复 am / is / are：

• "Are you going to help?" — "Yes, I am." / "No, I'm not."
• "Is it going to rain?" — "Yes, it is." / "No, it isn't."

Be going to 与 will

两者都谈将来，但语感不同。Be going to 适合你已经做好的计划，或你看得出的预测；而 will 常适合在说话当下做出的决定，或基于看法（而非当前迹象）的预测。这是有用的指引，不是死规则。

• I'm going to visit Spain next year.（已经决定——计划）
• "The phone's ringing." — "OK, I'll get it."（此刻才决定）
• I think it will rain tomorrow.（看法）— Look at those clouds — it's going to rain.（迹象）

你还会听到用 present continuous 表示将来已定的约定，尤其带有时间和地点：I'm meeting Sam at six. 在 A2 阶段，只要知道 be going to 是表达计划和基于迹象的预测的可靠选择就够了——细微的差别以后再说。

常见错误

• ❌ I going to call her. → ✅ I'm going to call her.（别漏掉 am / is / are）
• ❌ She is going to buys a car. → ✅ She is going to buy a car.（going to 后用原形）
• ❌ We going to be late. → ✅ We're going to be late.
• ❌ Are you going to coming? → ✅ Are you going to come?
• ❌ He no going to help. → ✅ He isn't going to help.

小测试

在这个小测试里，用 be going to 和括号里的动词：

1. Look at the sky — it ____ (rain).
2. We ____ (move) to a new home next month.
3. ____ you ____ (come) to the party?（疑问句）
4. I ____ not ____ (wait) any longer.（否定句）

要点回顾

• 对此刻之前就决定的计划（I'm going to study）和根据当前迹象做出的预测（It's going to rain）使用 be going to + 原形。
• 形式是 am / is / are + going to + 动词原形——只有 am / is / are 随主语变化。
• going to 后面的动词保持原形：✅ going to buy，绝不是 ❌ going to buys / bought。
• 否定加 not（isn't / aren't going to）；疑问把 am / is / are 放在最前面（Are you going to…?）。