Di solito mi alzo alle sette, mi lavo e mi vesto in dieci minuti.I usually get up at seven, wash and get dressed in ten minutes.
A reflexive verb shows that the action comes back to the person doing it: you wash yourself, you get yourself up. In Italian the verb comes with a small reflexive pronoun (mi, ti, si, ci, vi, si), and the infinitive ends in -si: alzarsi, lavarsi, vestirsi.
Quick shortcut: reflexive pronoun + the normal present form, placed before the verb: mi lavo, ti lavi, si lava, ci laviamo, vi lavate, si lavano.
The forms
Take the infinitive without -si (lavarsi → lavare), conjugate it as usual, and put the matching pronoun before it:
| Subject | Pronoun | lavarsi | vestirsi |
|---|---|---|---|
| io | mi | mi lavo | mi vesto |
| tu | ti | ti lavi | ti vesti |
| lui / lei | si | si lava | si veste |
| noi | ci | ci laviamo | ci vestiamo |
| voi | vi | vi lavate | vi vestite |
| loro | si | si lavano | si vestono |
The pronoun si is used for lui, lei, Lei and loro. See Formal address with Lei: Lei si chiama Rossi?
Daily routine verbs
| Verb | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| svegliarsi | to wake up | Mi sveglio alle sei. (I wake up at six.) |
| alzarsi | to get up | Ti alzi presto? (Do you get up early?) |
| lavarsi | to wash (oneself) | Si lava i denti dopo cena. (He brushes his teeth after dinner.) |
| vestirsi | to get dressed | Mi vesto in fretta. (I get dressed quickly.) |
| prepararsi | to get ready | Ci prepariamo per uscire. (We get ready to go out.) |
| addormentarsi | to fall asleep | Mi addormento tardi. (I fall asleep late.) |
Other common reflexive verbs
- chiamarsi (to be called): Mi chiamo Marco. (My name is Marco.)
- sentirsi (to feel): Come ti senti? (How do you feel?)
- divertirsi (to have fun): Ci divertiamo molto. (We have a lot of fun.)
- sedersi (to sit down), fermarsi (to stop), trovarsi (to be located)
Many Italian verbs have a reflexive and a non-reflexive form with a different meaning: chiamare (to call someone), chiamarsi (to be called); lavare la macchina (to wash the car), lavarsi (to wash oneself).
Body parts and clothes
With washing, brushing and dressing, Italian uses the definite article, not a possessive, because the reflexive pronoun already says whose body it is:
- Mi lavo le mani. (I wash my hands.)
- Si pettina i capelli. (She combs her hair.)
- Ti metti il cappotto. (You put on your coat.)
Negatives and questions
Non goes before the reflexive pronoun, and a question keeps the same order:
- Non mi alzo presto la domenica. (I don't get up early on Sundays.)
- A che ora ti svegli? (What time do you wake up?)
Reciprocal use
The plural forms can also mean "each other": Ci vediamo domani. (See you tomorrow, literally "we see each other".) / Si scrivono ogni giorno. (They write to each other every day.)
With modal verbs
After devo, voglio, posso the pronoun can go before the modal or attach to the infinitive: Mi devo alzare or Devo alzarmi. See Position of object pronouns.
Common mistakes
- ❌ Io alzo alle sette. → ✅ Io mi alzo alle sette. (the reflexive pronoun is needed)
- ❌ Noi si divertiamo. → ✅ Noi ci divertiamo. (the pronoun matches the subject)
- ❌ Mi lavo le mie mani. → ✅ Mi lavo le mani. (the article, not a possessive)
- ❌ Non alzo mi presto. → ✅ Non mi alzo presto. (the pronoun goes before the verb)
Quick check
Complete the sentences.
- Io ____ (alzarsi) alle sei.
- Tu ____ (svegliarsi) presto?
- Lei ____ (chiamarsi) Giulia.
- Noi ____ (divertirsi) molto.
- Voi ____ (vestirsi) in fretta.
- I bambini ____ (lavarsi) le mani.
Show answers
- mi alzo 2. ti svegli 3. si chiama 4. ci divertiamo 5. vi vestite 6. si lavano
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Key takeaways
- A reflexive verb has an infinitive in -si and a pronoun that matches the subject: mi, ti, si, ci, vi, si.
- Conjugate the verb as usual and put the pronoun before it: mi alzo, ti alzi, si alza...
- Typical uses: daily routine, feelings, being called (Mi chiamo...).
- With body parts and clothes, use the article: Mi lavo le mani.
- Non goes before the pronoun: Non mi alzo.
- The plural can mean "each other": Ci vediamo.